Pink Triangle
Paragraph 175, the German law prohibiting homosexual relations, was revised by Hitler in 1935 to include kissing, embracing, and gay fantasy alongside sexual acts; convicted men were imprisoned, later sent to concentration camps, and sentenced to sterilization, most often through castration. From 1942 the punishment for homosexuality was extended to death. Prisoners in the camps wore a coloured inverted triangle marking the reason for their incarceration, forming a kind of social hierarchy: green for regular criminals, red for political prisoners, black for people with mental disabilities (which often included lesbians), and two overlapping yellow triangles forming a Star of David for Jewish prisoners — a yellow star beneath a pink triangle marking a gay Jewish prisoner, the lowest rank of all. The pink triangle itself marked homosexual men. Estimates of gay men killed under the Nazi regime range from 50,000 to twice that figure, and Paragraph 175 remained law in West Germany until its repeal in 1969.